Dynamics Laws

For explanations of Newton`s laws of motion by Newton in the early 18th century and by physicist William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in the mid-19th century, see the following: Newton described force as the ability to accelerate a mass. Its three laws can be summarized as follows: Movement attracts our attention. The movement itself can be beautiful and amaze us with the forces needed to make spectacular movements, such as that of a dolphin jumping out of the water, or a pole vaulter, or the flight of a bird or the orbit of a satellite. The study of motion is kinematic, but kinematics only describes how objects move – their speed and acceleration. Dynamics takes into account the forces that affect the movement of moving objects and systems. Newton`s laws of motion are the basis of dynamics. These laws are an example of the breadth and simplicity of the principles by which nature works. They are also universal laws, as they apply to similar situations on Earth as well as in space. Newton`s laws of motion are three laws of classical mechanics that describe the relationship between the motion of an object and the forces acting on it. These laws can be paraphrased as follows:[1] Home » Physics » Forces and Movement » The Laws of Dynamics The discovery of the laws of dynamics or the laws of movement was a dramatic moment in the history of science. Before Newton`s time, the movements of things like planets were a mystery, but after Newton there was a complete understanding.

Even slight deviations from Kepler`s laws, due to the disturbances of the planets, were calculable. The movements of pendulums, oscillators with springs and weights, etc., could all be fully analyzed after Newton`s laws were pronounced. This is so with this chapter: before this chapter, we could not calculate how a mass would move on a spring; Much less could we calculate the disturbances on the planet Uranus by Jupiter and Saturn. After this chapter, we will be able to calculate not only the movement of the oscillating weight, but also the disturbances on the planet Uranus generated by Jupiter and Saturn! The preservation of mechanical energy requires a special form of the laws of force. Frictional forces, unlike gravity, reduce mechanical energy, so a satellite eventually comes into contact with the residual atmosphere. However, the lost mechanical energy is converted into heat, so that the total energy is preserved (see “Energy”). Heat essentially corresponds to the disordered kinetic energy of gas molecules. For a homogeneous spherical planet, the potential varies in -1/r, so the equipotentials are concentric spheres. However, these spheres are slightly deformed due to the rotation and inhomogeneities of the Earth. The equilibrium form of the sea surface is such an equipotential (see “The marine environment”). Indeed, an object moving on an equipotential retains the same potential energy, and since its total energy is preserved, it cannot gain (or lose) speed under the influence of gravity alone.

Conversely, when the shape of the ocean deviates from an equipotential, surface water tends to flow into regions with lower potential until it fills them and reaches the equilibrium state where the surface is equipotential. The solid Earth`s surface is also approaching the equipotential due to erosion and plasticity of the Earth`s mantle. In general, researchers involved in dynamics study how a physical system can evolve or change over time and study the causes of these changes. In addition, Newton established the fundamental physical laws that determine dynamics in physics. By studying its mechanical system, the dynamics can be understood. In particular, dynamics is mainly related to Newton`s second law of motion. However, the three laws of motion are taken into account, as they are related to each other in each observation or experience. To use Newton`s laws, we must have a formula for force; These laws say that we pay attention to the forces. When an object accelerates, an agency is at work; Find. Our program for the future of dynamism must be to find the laws for strength.

Newton himself continued to give some examples. In the case of gravity, he gave a specific formula for force. In the case of other forces, he gave some of the information contained in his Third Law, which we will examine in the next chapter, with the equality of action and reaction.